A Study to Evaluate The Effectiveness of Hot application In Reducing the Pain and Discomfort of Dysmenorrhea Among Adolescent Girls in Selected College

Abstract

Dysmenorrhea, defined as painful menstruation, is a prevalent condition among adolescent girls and young women worldwide, particularly those in their late teens and early twenties. It is classified into two main types: primary dysmenorrhea, which occurs without any underlying pathology, and secondary dysmenorrhea, which is often linked to other medical conditions such as endometriosis or pelvic inflammatory disease. Primary dysmenorrhea is the most common form, presenting as cramping pain in the lower abdomen, which may radiate to the back and thighs. This pain often begins just before or at the onset of menstruation and can last for several days, affecting daily activities, academic performance, and overall quality of life.